WORKSHOPS

WATER AS LEVERAGE
Bangkok, located in the Chao Phraya Delta, is called the City of 3 Waters, as it is influenced by the water from the north, the rainwater, and the tidal water influenced by the Gulf of Thailand. We have a long history of living with water that can be traced back to at least the Ayutthaya period. Water is a part of life as a food source, in agriculture, and as a mode of transportation for people. However, after the rapid economic and industrial development, the relationship between people and water has changed. Urbanization supersedes lands for agriculture. Cars replace boats and ships. Many canals have been converted into streets, while the remaining ones lack maintenance. These canals have garbage piled up and have decreased their capacity of ecological service more than ever before. Bangkok and other provinces in the Lower Chao Phraya Basin have encountered repetitive flooding. Meanwhile, agriculture has faced extreme droughts. Apart from these threats, climate change is intensifying. Today's solutions are siloed among different agencies. Thus, it is urgent to have a platform and discussion that lead to integrated and effective solutions


Bangkok is loacted on a river delta basin. The land is created by sedimentation from river flows in a long period. Dynamics of landscape and ecosystem is under the influence of 3 waters - 1. Tidal water, 2. Rain water, and 3. North water. Tides are directly related to sea level and have influence over water levels of canals the whole year. Regarding Bangkoks location in the Tropical Monsoon Belt, the rainy season starts from May to October. Rain water becomes significant in this season. In the end of the year, more water from the Northern part of Thailand, from Ping, Wang, Yom, and Nan rivers, flow through Chao Phraya River to the Gulf of Thailand. During the month of October is when all 3 Waters have the highest amount and the strongest influence over Bangkok's ecosystem



COMPREHENSIVE POLICY AND WATER GOVERNANCE
Dr.Saravanee Singtong, Ph.D Director of Sustainability Policy Division Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council, with Mr. Robbert Moree, Lead coalitions on water and climate, Directorate of Climate Adaptation and International Water Policy, Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, Neth erlands, propose the solutions for water governance in Thailand in COP27s discussion of the Role Of Water Governance In Tackling Climate Change
